Monthly Flicks: The Best Years of Our Lives

As I mentioned last week when I was discussing the Bechdel and Mako Mori tests, I’ve decided to revisit some of my favorite classic films to see how they rate with regard to female representation. This month’s installment is in my opinion one of the best movies about returning veterans of all time. 

The Best Years of Our Lives follows the lives of three servicemen as they readjust to life after World War II. Fred, a bombardier with the Army Air Corps; Homer, a Navy amputee; and Al, a hard nosed Infantry sergeant, find that the world they are returning to no longer fits with the people they have become during their years of military service. 

The three meet completely by accident on their return flight home to Boone City, a fictitious town located somewhere in the Midwest. Initially, they each share an excitement about the possibilities that life out of the service will hold, but as they draw nearer to their homes, that excitement turns to anxiety at the thought of what that future will actually be. After quickly reuniting with family, they find themselves together at Butches, a local bar owned by Homer’s uncle. In many ways, they seem to feel more comfortable with each other, even though they’ve only just met, than they do with the families they’ve known all their lives. 

While many other films of the time reflected the national patriotism with a fervor never since matched, The Best Years of Our Lives digs deeper into the human toll of war. This film takes an in depth and honest look at the difficulties service members face when the battle ends and they return to normal life. There is no sugarcoating of the issues here. These men deal with PTSD (known at the time as shell shock), anxiety, depression, alcoholism, and injuries that will never heal. In short, they deal with the same emotions and hardships that servicemen and women deal with today. There is adultery and a broken marriage. There is disillusionment with the establishment and with the corporate ladder. And there is frustration with the difficulties with getting the benefits these veterans deserve. 

Directed by William Wyler, The Best Years of Our Lives features an all-star cast including Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Teresa Wright, Hoagy Carmichael, Virginia Mayo, Dana Andrews, and Harold Russell. It was released in 1946 and quickly garnered international critical acclaim. It soon became the highest grossing film since Gone With the Wind with over 20 million tickets sold in the United Kingdom alone. It took home seven Oscars including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, and Best Supporting Actor for Harold Russell’s portrayal of an amputee veteran. This film is frequently rated in the top 25 of all films ever made. 

Granted, this movie doesn’t include any female veterans nor does it address the female service members who served during WWII. It does not include any minorities nor any diverse ethnic group. This may seem odd or biased looking back at this movie now, but historically speaking this makes sense for the time. Of the 16 million members of the US Armed Forces, only 350 thousand were women. Only fifteen percent of service members were African American. The Armed Forces would not be desegregated for another two years after the release of this film. Consequently, many areas of the US would not see desegregation for several more decades. For better or worse, this movie serves as a realistic representation of what America looked like in 1946 and the biases that were held.

As such a realistic film, how does it stack up with the informal modern Bechdel and Mako Mori tests? First let’s look at the Bechdel Test. The Best Years of Our Lives has eight named female characters; four of those are major characters. Furthermore, they do have conversations with each other although many of the conversations are in reference to the men in their lives. There is one conversation, however, between Marie and Peggy in which Marie points up to the sign on the ladies restroom and says, “I never pay attention to the sign. I just go right in.” 

As far as the Mako Mori test, it requires that a female character have a character arc that is independent of the male characters. In other words, she needs to be her own person. Many of the women in this movie follow the traditional paths available to women during that time. They marry and raise a family. Sometimes those marriages are happy. Other times they are not. Regardless, they are expected to follow the traditional path of homemaker. Marie, however, does not hold to that notion. She is unhappy with her marriage and charts her own course. She is the one who decides the marriage is over, not her husband. 

I would rate this film as passing both the Bechdel (although not strongly) and the Mako Mori Tests.

Personally, I would put it in my top 5 favorites of all time. It is one of those films I can watch every time I see it on television. It never seems to get old for me and there are moments that punch me in the gut each time I watch it despite the fact that I know they are coming. For my money, few other films hold up as well or feel as modern as this production. The cars may be different, the stores may sell different products, and clothing is older, but these men could easily be returning home from any war since 1946. 

I highly recommend watching The Best Years of Our Lives if you haven’t already seen it. 

My rating: 5 popcorn buckets!

The Bechdel and Mako Mori Tests

As a writer, I tend to spend a lot of time researching different topics for my stories. Sometimes this research is conducted in a timely manner and I return to the story at hand within minutes. More often than not, I find myself lost in a labyrinth of information surfing random pages on the internet for hours on end. It was during one such journey that I stumbled across the Bechdel Test.

For those of you like me who have never heard of this test, let me explain. The Bechdel Test is an unofficial method of determining the female representation in a fictional work of art. It can be used for anything really, but it is most commonly used for literature and movies. 

The test first appeared in 1985 when the American cartoonist Alison Bechdel mentioned it in her comic strip. Since that time, it has been used to show how females are or are not represented in fiction. 

The test is fairly simple. It requires that there be two named female characters. These two female characters must have a conversation at some point. The conversation must be about something other than a man or the lead male character. 

Pretty simple, right?

Apparently not. 

As I began to research this a bit further, I was intrigued to learn that only about 58% of all movies pass all three elements of this test.  

Only 58%!

Granted, as a movie buff, I could easily think of some old war movies in which there simply weren’t any female characters.  Sahara from 1943 with Humphrey Bogart comes to mind immediately. That movie was about an American tanker unit lost in the middle of the Sahara desert during WWII. Since there were no women assigned to tank units in 1943, it makes perfect sense for this to be a male dominated film. 

However, with the rare exceptions such as that film, it seems problematic for other films to rate so poorly in this area. Honestly, this number seemed a bit low to me when I thought about films that had a strong female presence.

I soon learned that there was another test designed to also rate gender equality in fiction. The Mako Mori test was developed by a fan of the movie Pacific Rim and states that a work must have a named female character and she must have a character arc that is independent of the male characters in the work.

I was intrigued. Surely between these two independent, and albeit unofficial, tests, most films would pass. Sadly, that was a bit optimistic.

According to the Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media, of over 100 films made worldwide between 2010 and 2013, only about 30% of the named characters were female.  In case you’re wondering, the statistics indicate that as of 2020 women make up 49.58% of the world’s population.

I began to think back to all the old classics I have enjoyed so many times. I thought back to the famous actresses I’ve watched for hours on end: Barbara Stanwyck, Ginger Rogers, Katherine Hepburn, Myrna Loy, Irene Dunne, and Maureen O’Hara. The list can go on and on. I thought back to those wonderful old films and wondered how they would stack up against these modern equality tests. Would they be able to pass or would they hover around the 58% range as well?

So, on the second Friday of each month, I will be discussing a classic film and how it relates to these two tests. I have no doubt that some gems will fail the tests while others may pass. Either way, it will give me a great excuse to reexamine the old movies that I love so much. 

I hope that you’ll join me on this journey. Perhaps we’ll discover some new jewels or rediscover some lost treasures. What could be better? This month I’ll looking at one of my favorites, The Best Years of Our Lives. It’s a true gem that I love talking about whenever the opportunity arises. So, until next Friday,

All the Best!